Draft: Resolve "Daskify LISA Instrument"

Closes #158

Note that we've divided up this MR into smaller tasks (see issue), which correspond to relatively independent features to be implemented in their own branches created of 158-daskify-lisa-instrument. We can then open a MR for each of them, review, and merge to 158-daskify-lisa-instrument.

lisainstrument/fir_filters_dask.py

+"""Functions for applying FIR filters to dask arrays.
+
+To create a fir filter operating on dask arrays, use the `make_filter_fir_dask` function.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+from typing import TypeAlias, Callable
+import numpy as np
+import dask
+import dask.array as da
+
+from lisainstrument.fir_filters_numpy import (
+    SemiLocalMapType,
+    EdgeHandling,
+    DefFilterFIR,
+    FIRCoreOp,
+)
+
+
+def semilocal_map_dask(
+    op: SemiLocalMapType,
+    bound_left: EdgeHandling,
+    bound_right: EdgeHandling,
+    data: dask.array,
+) -> dask.array:
+    """Apply a semi local map to dask array and employ boundary conditions.
+
+    Arguments:
+        op: the semi local mapping
+        bound_left: Boundary treatment on left side
+        bound_right: Boundary treatment on right side
+        data: the 1D array to be mapped
+
+    Returns:
+        The mapped data. The size is the same as the input if both boundary
+        conditions are ZEROPAD. A boundary condition VALID reduces the output
+        size by the corresponding margin size of the semilocal map.
+    """
+
+    margin = max(op.margin_left, op.margin_right)
+
+    def ext_op(d: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+        r = op(d)
+        if op.margin_left < margin:
+            r = r[margin - op.margin_left :]
+        if op.margin_right < margin:
+            r = r[: -(margin - op.margin_right)]
+        return r
+
+    ext = da.map_overlap(ext_op, data, depth={0: margin}, boundary=0, trim=False)
+
+    if bound_left == EdgeHandling.VALID:
+        ext = ext[op.margin_left :]
+    if bound_right == EdgeHandling.VALID:
+        ext = ext[: -op.margin_right]
+
+    return ext
+
+
+FilterFirDaskType: TypeAlias = Callable[[dask.array], dask.array]
+
+
+def make_filter_fir_dask(
+    fdef: DefFilterFIR, bound_left: EdgeHandling, bound_right: EdgeHandling
+) -> FilterFirDaskType:
+    """Create a function that applies a given FIR filter to dask arrays,
+    employing the specified boundary treatment.
+
+    Arguments:
+        fdef: The definition of the FIR filter
+        bound_left: Boundary treatment on left side
+        bound_right: Boundary treatment on right side
+
+    Returns:
+        Function which accepts a single 1D dask array as input and returns
+        the filtered dask array.
+    """
+
+    fmap = FIRCoreOp(fdef)
+
+    def op(data):
+        return semilocal_map_dask(fmap, bound_left, bound_right, data)
+
+    return op