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#Xpol : a Power Spectrum estimator based on cross correlation between maps.
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*Xpol* is a method to estimate the polarized angular power spectra $$C_\ell$$s by computing the cross-power spectra between a collection of input maps coming either from multiple detectors of the same experiment or from different instruments. The `pseudo' cross-power spectra are explicitly corrected for incomplete sky coverage, beam smoothing, filtering and pixelization. Assuming no correlation between the noise contribution from two different maps, each of the corrected cross-power spectra is an unbiased estimate of the C'_l_'s. Analytical error bars are derived for each of them. The cross-power spectra, that do not include the classical ''auto''-power spectra, are then combined using a Gaussian approximation of the likelihood function. This result can be compared to the auto-spectra for which the noise bias in multipole domain is requested as input.
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The method computes an analytical estimate of the cross-correlation matrix directly from the data avoiding any Monte Carlo simulations. This allows to include naturally the mode coupling in this matrix. Further, this permits the computation of analytical error bars which are very compatible with those obtained from simulations (see [[#xspect | Tristram et al. 2005a]] for the temperature case). Because of the above, this method can be applied without modification to the estimation of the power spectrum of the correlated signal between a set of maps of the sky coming from multiple instruments with potentially different sky coverages. This method has been used on '''''Archeops''''' data to estimate the CMB angular power spectrum [[#archeops_cl2 | Tristram et al. 2005b]] and the polarized foreground emission at the sub-millimeter and millimeter wavelength in [[#archeops_polar | Ponthieu et al. 2005]].
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Generalizing MASTER equation for classical auto-spectra, we can compute the `pseudo' cross-power spectrum C'_l_''^X'_1_' Y'_2_'^' between any two detectors
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%height=40px%Attach:image1.png
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where
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* B'_l_' is the beam transfer function describing the beam smoothing effect which can be computed, for example via models and/or Monte Carlo signal-only simulations;
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* p'_l_' is the transfer function of the pixelization scheme of the map describing the effect of smoothing due to the finite pixel size and geometry;
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* F'_l_' is an effective function that represents any filtering applied to the time ordered data that can also be computed via Monte Carlo;
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* <N'_l_'> is the noise power spectrum;
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* M'_ll'_' the coupling kernel matrix computed analytically from the weighting function as intensively described in [[#wmap_polar | Kogut et al. 2003]].
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\\
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The main advantage of using cross-power spectra is that the noise is generally uncorrelated between different detectors so that
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%height=30px%Attach:image2.png
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(note that for any common systematic residual inside maps, cross-spectra will exhibit a bias correlation term).
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The system can thus be solved for large sky fraction, otherwise one has to bin multipoles into bandpowers.
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From @@N@@ input maps we can obtain @@N(N-1)/2@@ cross-power spectra for each polarized mode (@@TT@@, @@EE@@, @@BB@@, @@TE@@, @@TB@@ and @@EB@@) which are unbiased estimates of the angular power spectrum but which are obviously not independent. For each polarized power spectra independently, '''''Xpol''''' can estimate the cross-correlation matrix between cross-spectra and multipoles from which error bars and covariance matrix in multipole space can be deduced for each cross-power spectra. Each element of this matrix reads :
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%height=30px%Attach:image3.png
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Considering the completeness relation for spherical harmonics [[#angularmomentum | Varshalovich et al.1988]] and in the limit of large sky coverage [[#efstathiou | Efstathiou 2004 & 2005]], @@Ξ@@ reads (see [[#xspect|Tristram et al. 2005]]) :
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%height=30px%Attach:image4.png
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with
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%height=30px%Attach:image5.png
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where M'^(2)^' is the quadratic coupling kernel matrix and %height=15px%Attach:image6.png .
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\\
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To combine the cross-power spectra and obtain the best estimate of the power spectrum C'_l_', we maximize the Gaussian approximated likelihood function
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[[#likelihood]]%height=30px%Attach:image7.png
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where %height=15px%Attach:image8.png is the cross-correlation matrix of the cross-power spectra described before (@@i@@ and @@j@@ ∈ {AB, A ≠ B}). The auto-power spectra are not considered.
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Neglecting the correlation between adjacent multipoles, the estimate of the angular power spectrum reads
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%height=30px%Attach:image9.png
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the final covariance matrix can be obtained from [[#likelihood | Eq.]],
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%height=30px%Attach:image10.png
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and the final error bars are given by
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%height=30px%Attach:image11.png
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\\
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\\
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\\
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%rfloat%contact:[[hidden-email:gevfgenz@yny.va2c3.se | Matthieu Tristram]]%%
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\\
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----
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\\
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* [[#efstathiou]] [Efstathiou 2004 & 2005] Efstathiou G., 2004, MNRAS, 349, 603
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* [Efstathiou 2004 & 2005] Efstathiou G., 2005, MNRAS, 370, 343
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* [[#master]] [Hivon et al. 2002] Hivon E., Gorski K. M., Netterfield C. B., Crill B. P., Prunet S., Hansen F., 2002, ApJ, 567, 2
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* [[#wmap_polar]] [Kogut et al. 2003] Kogut A. et al., 2003 ApJS 148 161
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* [[#archeops_polar]] [Ponthieu et al. 2005] Ponthieu N. et al., 2005 A&A 444 327
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* [[#xspect]] [Tristram et al. 2005a] Tristram M. et al., 2005 MNRAS 358 833
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* [[#archeops_cl2]] [Tristram et al. 2005b] Tristram M. et al., 2005 A&A 436 785
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* [[#angularmomentum]] [Varshalovich et al. 1988] Varshalovich D. A., Moskalev A. N., Khersonoskii V. K., 1988, ''Quantum theory of Angular Momentum'', World Scientific, Singapore.
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\\
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\\
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[[Xpol/Current work]] %red%restricted area%%. |